Fact Sheet

Radiology in the United States

  • 33,000+: Practicing radiologists
  • 34 million: Radiation oncology treatments performed in a year
  • 599 million: Diagnostic radiology procedures performed in a year
  • X-ray (total including mammography): 292 million
  • Ultrasound: 136 million
  • CT: 72 million
  • Nuclear medicine: 41 million
  • Interventional: 33 million
  • MRI: 23 million
  • Other: 1.5 million

Radiologist Training

  • 4-year undergraduate degree
  • 4-year medical school
  • 1-year internship
  • 4-year residency
  • 1- to 2-year fellowship training

14-15 total years of training*
*Other medical specialties mandate imaging education ranging from a few days to 10 months.

Common Radiological Procedures

  • X-ray uses a form of electromagnetic radiation that is passed through the body to create a 2-D image of a body part or region. X-ray is especially useful in detecting muscle or bone problems. A mammogram is a common example of X-ray technology.
  • Computed tomography (CT) uses X-rays and sophisticated computer technology to produce a series of 2-D images and/or to generate a 3-D image of a part of the body. CT scans are widely used for a variety of medical situations, such as detection of cancer, heart disease, and aneurysm.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnetic field to produce detailed pictures of organs, soft tissue, bones, and other internal body parts. MRI is especially useful in detecting nervous system, joint, heart, and cancer-related diseases.
  • Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves and computer technology to generate “real-time” images of the body. Ultrasound, also known as sonography, is often used in obstetric and breast imaging care.